PHILOSOPHY

Understanding Philosophy of Science


To understand the meaning and philosophy of science, under this proposed definition of philosophy of science from several experts who summarized the Philosophy of Science, organized by Ismaun (2001)

Nietzsche (Paperback),  Batman and Philosophy: The Dark Knight of the Soul (Paperback), The Poverty Of Philosophy by Karl Marx (shelved 1 time as ) ,  Abercrombie and Fitch "Back to School" 2003 Catalog (Paperback), The Idea Of Communism (Hardcover), The Philosopher and His Poor (Paperback)

 

1 * Robert Ackerman's "philosophy of science in one aspect as a critique of currentscientific opinions by comparison to proven past views, but Cleary Such aphilosophy ofscience is not a discipline autonomous of actual scientific paractice". (Philosophy of science in an aspect is a critical review of the scientific opinions these days in comparison with the developed criteria from such opinions, but the philosophy of science is clearly not an independent branch of the science of actual scientific practice.

2. * Lewis White Beck's "Philosophy of science questions and evaluates the methods ofscientific thinking and tries to determine the value and significance of scientific enterprise as a whole. (Philosophy of science discusses and evaluates the methods of scientific thinking and trying to find and the importance of the overall scientific effort as a)

3. * A. Cornelius Benjamin "That philosopic disipline the which is the systematic studyof the nature of science, ESPECIALLY of its methods, its concepts and presuppositions, and its place in the general scheme of intellectual discipines. (branch of knowledge philosophical about science is a systematic review, methods, concepts and presuppositions-presuppositions, and its location within the general framework of the branches of intellectual knowledge.

4. * Michael V. Berry "The study of the inner logic if scientific theories, and experiment and theory therelations Between, ie of scientific methods ".  (Internal logic of scientific theories and the relations between experiment and theory, which is about the scientific method.)

5. * May Brodbeck "Philosophy of science is the Ethically and philosophically neutral analysis, description, and clarifications of science." (The analysis is ethically and philosophically neutral, depiction and explanation of the foundation - the foundation of science.
 
6. * Peter Caws "Philosophy of science is a part of philosophy, the which attempts to do for science what philosophy in general does for the whole of human experience.Philosophy does two Sorts of thing: on the other hand, it constructs theories about man and the universe, and offers them as grounds for belief and action; onthe other, it critically examines everything That may be Offered as a ground forbelief or action, Including its own theories, with a view to the elimination ofinconsistency and error. (Philosophy of science is a part of philosophy, which tries to do for science what the philosophy radically to the entire human experience. philosophy of doing two things: on the one hand, this construct theories about man and the universe, and serve as the foundations of belief and action; on the other hand, philosophy critically examine everything that can be presented as a basis for belief or action, including his own theories, with the hope of provision and error elimination.

The Future of the Image (Hardcover) by Jacques Rancière, Mapping Ideology (Mapping), The Sublime Object of Ideology (Paperback) by Slavoj Žižek, Illuminations: Essays and Reflections (Paperback) by Walter Benjamin, The Stars Down to Earth and Other Essays on the Irrational in Culture (Routledge Classics), Discourses of Extremity: Radical Ethics and Post-Marxist Extravagances (Hardcover), To the Finland Station (Paperback)

 

7. * Stephen R. Toulmin "As a discipline, the philosophy of science attempts, first, to elucidate the elements INVOLVED in the process of scientific inquiry observational procedures, patens of argument, methods of representation and calculation, Metaphysical presuppositions, and so on and then to veluate the grounds Their validity of points of view from the logic of formal, practical methodology andmetaphysics ". (As a branch of science, philosophy of science tries to explain first of all the elements involved in the process of scientific inquiry procedures of observation, talks patterns, methods -replacement method and calculation, the pre-supposition-metaphysical presupposition, and so on and further assess the foundations for the mistakes of the corners of a review of formal logic, practical methodology, and metaphysics).

Based on the opinion of the above we get a picture that the philosophy of science is a philosophical study wants to answer questions about the nature of science, which in terms of ontological, and aksiologisnya epistemelogis. With in other word philosophy of science is part of epistemology (the philosophy of knowledge) that specifically review nature of science, such as:

* Object explored what science? How essential aim of these objects? What was the relationship between the objects of human perception that led to knowledge? (Ontological foundation)

* What is the process that allows drawns knowledge of science? What is the procedure? What things should be noted that si true knowledge? What are the criteria? So-called truth? Are there any criteria? Ways / techniques / tools what helps us in gaining knowledge of science? (Epistemological foundation)

* To what form of knowledge that science be used? How to use the connection between the moral rules? How to determine which objects are reviewed based on moral choices? What about the link between procedural techniques are the operationalization of the scientific method with the norms of moral / professional? (Axiological foundation).

Digawe:  Kiwitto Doank